Which of the following functions does adipose tissue perform?

Adipose tissue primarily functions as a major energy storage site in the body. It stores fat in the form of triglycerides, which can be broken down and used for energy when the body requires it, such as during periods of fasting or increased physical activity. This storage function is critical for maintaining energy balance and providing insulation and protection for vital organs.

In addition to energy storage, adipose tissue also plays a role in hormone production and regulation, contributing to metabolic processes. However, the primary and most recognized function in this context remains energy storage, making the choice the correct answer. Other options do not pertain to the characteristics of adipose tissue; for instance, temperature regulation is more associated with the dermis and other structures in the skin, and functions such as producing melanin and filtering sweat are specifically associated with other types of tissue and skin components.