Which layer of skin is known as the outermost layer?

The epidermis is recognized as the outermost layer of the skin. It serves as a protective barrier against environmental factors such as pathogens, chemicals, and physical injuries. This layer consists primarily of keratinocytes, which produce keratin, a protein that contributes to the skin's toughness and waterproofing ability.

Additionally, the epidermis is made up of several sub-layers, each playing a distinct role in skin health and function. The outermost layer, the stratum corneum, consists of dead, flattened cells that continuously shed and are replaced, helping to keep the skin resilient and adaptable. Other important cells found within the epidermis include melanocytes, which are responsible for pigment production, and Langerhans cells, which play a crucial role in immune defense.

In contrast, the dermis lies beneath the epidermis and contains connective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands, while the hypodermis, also known as the subcutaneous layer, is beneath the dermis and primarily consists of fat and connective tissue that insulates the body and absorbs shock.