What type of cancer develops from melanocytes?

Melanoma is the type of cancer that develops from melanocytes, which are the cells responsible for producing the pigment melanin in the skin. Melanocytes are located primarily in the basal layer of the epidermis and play a crucial role in protecting the skin from ultraviolet (UV) radiation by absorbing it and decreasing the risk of DNA damage. When melanocytes undergo malignant transformation, they lead to melanoma, characterized by the uncontrolled growth of these pigment-producing cells.

In terms of prevalence, melanoma is less common than other skin cancers like basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma, but it is known for being more aggressive and having a higher potential for metastasis. The importance of early detection cannot be overstated, as melanomas can spread to other parts of the body if not treated promptly. This highlights the significance of monitoring moles and any changes in pigmentation, which might indicate the onset of this malignancy.